ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary functions of athletes can be affected by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate athletes' pattern of returning to sports after COVID-19, their experience of COVID-19-associated symptoms, and the disturbance in sports performance caused by the symptoms. METHODS: Elite university athletes who were infected with COVID-19 in 2022 were recruited for the survey and the data for 226 respondents were analyzed. Information about COVID-19 infection and the degree of disturbance in ordinary training and competition was collected. Their returning pattern to sports, the prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms, the degree of disturbance in sports by related symptoms, and factors associated with disturbance in sports and fatigue were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed that 53.5% of the analyzed athletes returned to ordinary training immediately after quarantine, while 61.5% experienced disturbance in ordinary training, and 30.9% experienced that in competition. Most prevalent COVID-19 symptoms were lack of energy, easy fatiguability and cough. Disturbance in ordinary training and competition were mainly related to generalized, cardiologic, and respiratory symptoms. Women and those with severe and generalized symptoms had significantly higher odds of experiencing disturbance in training. Those with cognitive symptoms had higher odds of being "fatigue case." CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the athletes returned immediately to sports after the legal quarantine period of COVID-19 infection and experienced disturbance in ordinary training by related symptoms. Prevalent COVID-19 symptoms and the associated factors causing disturbance in sports and fatigue case were also revealed. This study will be helpful to establish the safe return guidelines essential for athletes after COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Athletic Performance , COVID-19 , Humans , Female , COVID-19/epidemiology , Universities , Athletes/psychology , Fatigue/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Peace and cooperation in Northeast Asia is necessary to resolve conflicts and promote cooperation in Northeast Asia. Peace and Cooperation will create an environment that will enable sustainable economic growth in Northeast Asia. Peace and Cooperation will enable a joint response to new security threats such as COVID-19, climate change, and disaster. And Asia Peace and Cooperation in the region will contribute to ease the U.S.-China strategic competition. Peace and Cooperation will also make a positive contribution to peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia. Major agenda for Northeast Asia's peace and cooperation are peace issues, infrastructure issues, and human security issues. The peace issues in Northeast Asia are the peaceful resolution of the North Korean nuclear issue, the establishment of a peace regime on the Korean Peninsula, military confidence building. The core of the infrastructure issues are the Northeast Asia Railway cooperation and energy cooperation. And human security issues are environmental cooperation and quarantine health cooperation. Northeast Asia's Peace and Cooperation should accumulate experience of trust and symbiosis by implementing pilot projects centered on these three issues.